Source code for ufl.constantvalue

"""This module defines classes representing constant values."""

# Copyright (C) 2008-2016 Martin Sandve Alnæs
#
# This file is part of UFL (https://www.fenicsproject.org)
#
# SPDX-License-Identifier:    LGPL-3.0-or-later
#
# Modified by Anders Logg, 2011.
# Modified by Massimiliano Leoni, 2016.

import numbers
from math import atan2

import ufl

# --- Helper functions imported here for compatibility---
from ufl.checks import is_python_scalar, is_true_ufl_scalar, is_ufl_scalar  # noqa: F401
from ufl.core.expr import Expr
from ufl.core.multiindex import FixedIndex, Index
from ufl.core.terminal import Terminal
from ufl.core.ufl_type import ufl_type

# Precision for float formatting
precision = None


[docs]def format_float(x): """Format float value based on global UFL precision.""" if precision: return "{:.{prec}}".format(float(x), prec=precision) else: return "{}".format(float(x))
# --- Base classes for constant types ---
[docs]@ufl_type(is_abstract=True) class ConstantValue(Terminal): """Constant value.""" __slots__ = () def __init__(self): """Initialise.""" Terminal.__init__(self)
[docs] def is_cellwise_constant(self): """Return whether this expression is spatially constant over each cell.""" return True
[docs] def ufl_domains(self): """Return tuple of domains related to this terminal object.""" return ()
# TODO: Add geometric dimension/domain and Argument dependencies to Zero?
[docs]@ufl_type(is_literal=True) class Zero(ConstantValue): """Representation of a zero valued expression. Class for representing zero tensors of different shapes. """ __slots__ = ("ufl_shape", "ufl_free_indices", "ufl_index_dimensions") _cache = {} def __getnewargs__(self): """Get new args.""" return (self.ufl_shape, self.ufl_free_indices, self.ufl_index_dimensions) def __new__(cls, shape=(), free_indices=(), index_dimensions=None): """Create new Zero.""" if free_indices: self = ConstantValue.__new__(cls) else: self = Zero._cache.get(shape) if self is not None: return self self = ConstantValue.__new__(cls) Zero._cache[shape] = self self._init(shape, free_indices, index_dimensions) return self def __init__(self, shape=(), free_indices=(), index_dimensions=None): """Initialise.""" pass def _init(self, shape=(), free_indices=(), index_dimensions=None): """Initialise.""" ConstantValue.__init__(self) if not all(isinstance(i, int) for i in shape): raise ValueError("Expecting tuple of int.") if not isinstance(free_indices, tuple): raise ValueError(f"Expecting tuple for free_indices, not {free_indices}.") self.ufl_shape = shape if not free_indices: self.ufl_free_indices = () self.ufl_index_dimensions = () elif all(isinstance(i, Index) for i in free_indices): # Handle old input format if not isinstance(index_dimensions, dict) and all( isinstance(i, Index) for i in index_dimensions.keys() ): raise ValueError(f"Expecting tuple of index dimensions, not {index_dimensions}") self.ufl_free_indices = tuple(sorted(i.count() for i in free_indices)) self.ufl_index_dimensions = tuple( d for i, d in sorted(index_dimensions.items(), key=lambda x: x[0].count()) ) else: # Handle new input format if not all(isinstance(i, int) for i in free_indices): raise ValueError(f"Expecting tuple of integer free index ids, not {free_indices}") if not isinstance(index_dimensions, tuple) and all( isinstance(i, int) for i in index_dimensions ): raise ValueError( f"Expecting tuple of integer index dimensions, not {index_dimensions}" ) # Assuming sorted now to avoid this cost, enable for debugging: # if sorted(free_indices) != list(free_indices): # raise ValueError("Expecting sorted input. Remove this check later for efficiency.") self.ufl_free_indices = free_indices self.ufl_index_dimensions = index_dimensions
[docs] def evaluate(self, x, mapping, component, index_values): """Evaluate.""" return 0.0
def __str__(self): """Format as a string.""" if self.ufl_shape == () and self.ufl_free_indices == (): return "0" if self.ufl_free_indices == (): return "0 (shape %s)" % (self.ufl_shape,) if self.ufl_shape == (): return "0 (index labels %s)" % (self.ufl_free_indices,) return "0 (shape %s, index labels %s)" % (self.ufl_shape, self.ufl_free_indices) def __repr__(self): """Representation.""" r = "Zero(%s, %s, %s)" % ( repr(self.ufl_shape), repr(self.ufl_free_indices), repr(self.ufl_index_dimensions), ) return r def __eq__(self, other): """Check equalty.""" if isinstance(other, Zero): if self is other: return True return ( self.ufl_shape == other.ufl_shape and self.ufl_free_indices == other.ufl_free_indices and self.ufl_index_dimensions == other.ufl_index_dimensions ) elif isinstance(other, (int, float)): return other == 0 else: return False def __neg__(self): """Negate.""" return self def __abs__(self): """Absolute value.""" return self def __bool__(self): """Convert to a bool.""" return False __nonzero__ = __bool__ def __float__(self): """Convert to a float.""" return 0.0 def __int__(self): """Convert to an int.""" return 0 def __complex__(self): """Convert to a complex number.""" return 0 + 0j
[docs]def zero(*shape): """UFL literal constant: Return a zero tensor with the given shape.""" if len(shape) == 1 and isinstance(shape[0], tuple): return Zero(shape[0]) else: return Zero(shape)
# --- Scalar value types ---
[docs]@ufl_type(is_abstract=True, is_scalar=True) class ScalarValue(ConstantValue): """A constant scalar value.""" __slots__ = ("_value",) def __init__(self, value): """Initialise.""" ConstantValue.__init__(self) self._value = value
[docs] def value(self): """Get the value.""" return self._value
[docs] def evaluate(self, x, mapping, component, index_values): """Evaluate.""" return self._value
def __eq__(self, other): """Check equalty. This is implemented to allow comparison with python scalars. Note that this will make IntValue(1) != FloatValue(1.0), but ufl-python comparisons like IntValue(1) == 1.0 FloatValue(1.0) == 1 can still succeed. These will however not have the same hash value and therefore not collide in a dict. """ if isinstance(other, self._ufl_class_): return self._value == other._value elif isinstance(other, (int, float)): # FIXME: Disallow this, require explicit 'expr == # IntValue(3)' instead to avoid ambiguities! return other == self._value else: return False def __str__(self): """Format as a string.""" return str(self._value) def __float__(self): """Convert to a float.""" return float(self._value) def __int__(self): """Convert to an int.""" return int(self._value) def __complex__(self): """Convert to a complex number.""" return complex(self._value) def __neg__(self): """Negate.""" return type(self)(-self._value) def __abs__(self): """Absolute value.""" return type(self)(abs(self._value))
[docs] def real(self): """Real part.""" return self._value.real
[docs] def imag(self): """Imaginary part.""" return self._value.imag
[docs]@ufl_type(wraps_type=complex, is_literal=True) class ComplexValue(ScalarValue): """Representation of a constant, complex scalar.""" __slots__ = () def __getnewargs__(self): """Get new args.""" return (self._value,) def __new__(cls, value): """Create a new ComplexValue.""" if value.imag == 0: if value.real == 0: return Zero() else: return FloatValue(value.real) else: return ConstantValue.__new__(cls) def __init__(self, value): """Initialise.""" ScalarValue.__init__(self, complex(value))
[docs] def modulus(self): """Get the modulus.""" return abs(self.value())
[docs] def argument(self): """Get the argument.""" return atan2(self.value().imag, self.value().real)
def __repr__(self): """Representation.""" r = "%s(%s)" % (type(self).__name__, repr(self._value)) return r def __float__(self): """Convert to a float.""" raise TypeError("ComplexValues cannot be cast to float") def __int__(self): """Convert to an int.""" raise TypeError("ComplexValues cannot be cast to int")
[docs]@ufl_type(is_abstract=True, is_scalar=True) class RealValue(ScalarValue): """Abstract class used to differentiate real values from complex ones.""" __slots__ = ()
[docs]@ufl_type(wraps_type=float, is_literal=True) class FloatValue(RealValue): """Representation of a constant scalar floating point value.""" __slots__ = () def __getnewargs__(self): """Get new args.""" return (self._value,) def __new__(cls, value): """Create a new FloatValue.""" if value == 0.0: # Always represent zero with Zero return Zero() return ConstantValue.__new__(cls) def __init__(self, value): """Initialise.""" super(FloatValue, self).__init__(float(value)) def __repr__(self): """Representation.""" r = "%s(%s)" % (type(self).__name__, format_float(self._value)) return r
[docs]@ufl_type(wraps_type=int, is_literal=True) class IntValue(RealValue): """Representation of a constant scalar integer value.""" __slots__ = () _cache = {} def __getnewargs__(self): """Get new args.""" return (self._value,) def __new__(cls, value): """Create a new IntValue.""" if value == 0: # Always represent zero with Zero return Zero() elif abs(value) < 100: # Small numbers are cached to reduce memory usage # (fly-weight pattern) self = IntValue._cache.get(value) if self is not None: return self self = RealValue.__new__(cls) IntValue._cache[value] = self else: self = RealValue.__new__(cls) self._init(value) return self def _init(self, value): """Initialise.""" super(IntValue, self).__init__(int(value)) def __init__(self, value): """Initialise.""" pass def __repr__(self): """Representation.""" r = "%s(%s)" % (type(self).__name__, repr(self._value)) return r
# --- Identity matrix ---
[docs]@ufl_type() class Identity(ConstantValue): """Representation of an identity matrix.""" __slots__ = ("_dim", "ufl_shape") def __init__(self, dim): """Initialise.""" ConstantValue.__init__(self) self._dim = dim self.ufl_shape = (dim, dim)
[docs] def evaluate(self, x, mapping, component, index_values): """Evaluate.""" a, b = component return 1 if a == b else 0
def __getitem__(self, key): """Get an item.""" if len(key) != 2: raise ValueError("Size mismatch for Identity.") if all(isinstance(k, (int, FixedIndex)) for k in key): return IntValue(1) if (int(key[0]) == int(key[1])) else Zero() return Expr.__getitem__(self, key) def __str__(self): """Format as a string.""" return "I" def __repr__(self): """Representation.""" r = "Identity(%d)" % self._dim return r def __eq__(self, other): """Check equalty.""" return isinstance(other, Identity) and self._dim == other._dim
# --- Permutation symbol ---
[docs]@ufl_type() class PermutationSymbol(ConstantValue): """Representation of a permutation symbol. This is also known as the Levi-Civita symbol, antisymmetric symbol, or alternating symbol. """ __slots__ = ("ufl_shape", "_dim") def __init__(self, dim): """Initialise.""" ConstantValue.__init__(self) self._dim = dim self.ufl_shape = (dim,) * dim
[docs] def evaluate(self, x, mapping, component, index_values): """Evaluate.""" return self.__eps(component)
def __getitem__(self, key): """Get an item.""" if len(key) != self._dim: raise ValueError("Size mismatch for PermutationSymbol.") if all(isinstance(k, (int, FixedIndex)) for k in key): return self.__eps(key) return Expr.__getitem__(self, key) def __str__(self): """Format as a string.""" return "eps" def __repr__(self): """Representation.""" r = "PermutationSymbol(%d)" % self._dim return r def __eq__(self, other): """Check equalty.""" return isinstance(other, PermutationSymbol) and self._dim == other._dim def __eps(self, x): """Get eps. This function body is taken from http://www.mathkb.com/Uwe/Forum.aspx/math/29865/N-integer-Levi-Civita """ result = IntValue(1) for i, x1 in enumerate(x): for j in range(i + 1, len(x)): x2 = x[j] if x1 > x2: result = -result elif x1 == x2: return Zero() return result
[docs]def as_ufl(expression): """Converts expression to an Expr if possible.""" if isinstance(expression, (Expr, ufl.BaseForm)): return expression elif isinstance(expression, numbers.Integral): return IntValue(expression) elif isinstance(expression, numbers.Real): return FloatValue(expression) elif isinstance(expression, numbers.Complex): return ComplexValue(expression) else: raise ValueError( f"Invalid type conversion: {expression} can not be converted to any UFL type." )